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What is polarization of light?

Polarization (in physics) is limiting transverse wave vector vibrations to some direction. For non-polarised electromagnetic waves, such as visible light, the electric field vibrates in all directions perpendicular to the…

Laboratory Reagents

Piranha solution preparation

Piranha solution is one of the most commonly used laboratory glass cleaner. Its strong oxidizing agent and removes most organic matter. However, it should be remembered that due to its…

Laboratory Reagents

Aqua regia preparation

Aqua regia (other names: regal water, king's water) is a mixture of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3) in proportions of 3:1 (volume ratio). This liquid has orange color…